Integrin beta-1

Integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) is a transmembrane adhesion receptor that functions as a critical component of multiple integrin heterodimers (UniProt: P05556). It mediates cell-matrix interactions by binding diverse ligands including collagens, fibronectin, laminins, and vitronectin through recognition of conserved sequences like the R-G-D motif. ITGB1-containing integrins regulate cell adhesion, migration, angiogenesis, and mechanotransduction across multiple tissues and cell types.

ITGB1 is expressed broadly and participates in fundamental processes including bone formation, myogenesis, cytokinesis, and endothelial cell motility (UniProt: P05556). The protein also serves as a receptor for multiple pathogens including herpesviruses, human parvovirus, and fungi. UniProt records no specific disease associations in the curated database.

This protein is tagged as relevant to Alzheimer's Disease with a direction of upregulation. In post-mortem AD brain tissue compared to age-matched controls, ITGB1 shows elevated abundance across subcellular fractions (mean log2 fold-change: 0.65), as measured by TMT-labeled quantitative proteomics (Chaparral AD proteomics). The upregulation suggests potential involvement in AD-related pathological processes, though the mechanistic role remains to be determined.