Glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase

GRHPR (glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase) is a 328-amino-acid enzyme catalyzing multiple redox reactions in carbohydrate metabolism, including the reduction of hydroxypyruvate to D-glycerate and glyoxylate to glycolate (UniProt: Q9UBQ7). The protein functions in cellular metabolism of glyceric compounds and is expressed broadly in human tissues.

Primary hyperoxaluria type 2 (HP2; OMIM 260000) is caused by GRHPR deficiency, presenting as elevated urinary oxalate and L-glycerate with progressive renal calcium oxalate accumulation (UniProt: Q9UBQ7). The genetic basis establishes GRHPR's central role in oxalate homeostasis.

GRHPR shows increased abundance in human post-mortem Alzheimer's disease brain tissue compared to age-matched controls (Chaparral AD proteomics), with a mean log2 fold-change of 0.39 across the analyzed subcellular fraction(s). This upregulation may reflect altered energy metabolism or oxidative stress responses characteristic of AD pathology, though the functional significance of elevated GRHPR in neurodegeneration remains to be established.