Exocyst complex component 1

EXOC1 (Exocyst complex component 1) is a 894-amino-acid protein that functions as a core component of the exocyst complex, a multiprotein tethering machinery responsible for docking exocytic vesicles at the plasma membrane (UniProt: Q9NV70). Beyond its canonical vesicular transport role, EXOC1 possesses antiviral activity against flaviviruses through sequestration of the elongation factor EEF1A1, thereby suppressing viral RNA synthesis and translation.

EXOC1 is broadly expressed across tissues and participates in fundamental secretory and cell surface delivery pathways. No primary disease associations are documented in UniProt for this protein, though exocyst dysfunction has been implicated in neuronal morphogenesis and synaptic transmission.

In Alzheimer's Disease, EXOC1 is significantly downregulated in post-mortem AD brain tissue relative to age-matched controls (Chaparral AD proteomics). The mean log2 fold-change is −0.41 across a single subcellular fraction in a TMT-labeled quantitative proteomics experiment encompassing four fractions (P2, P3, S2, S3) from human AD brain. This reduction suggests impaired exocytic vesicle trafficking as a potential contributor to AD pathology, though the functional consequence remains to be elucidated.