1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma

AGPAT3 (1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma) is an acyltransferase that catalyzes the conversion of lysophosphatidic acid into phosphatidic acid by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (UniProt: Q9NRZ7). The enzyme acts on a range of fatty acyl-CoA donors (C16:0–C20:4) with preference for arachidonoyl-CoA, and also processes other lysophospholipid substrates including lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylinositol (UniProt: Q9NRZ7).

AGPAT3 participates in glycerophospholipid metabolism and is involved in the synthesis of complex membrane phospholipids. The enzyme is widely expressed across tissues (UniProt: Q9NRZ7). No primary disease associations are documented in UniProt curated data for this protein.

In Alzheimer's disease, AGPAT3 is downregulated in post-mortem brain tissue compared to age-matched controls (mean log2FC: −0.51), based on TMT-labeled proteomics analysis across multiple subcellular fractions (Chaparral AD proteomics). This reduction in AGPAT3 abundance may reflect altered phospholipid remodeling dynamics in AD brain, though the functional consequence of this downregulation remains to be determined.