AP-1 complex subunit beta-1

AP-1 complex subunit beta-1 (AP1B1) is a component of the clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1, which mediates protein sorting and clathrin recruitment at the trans-Golgi network and endosomes (UniProt: Q10567). The protein recognizes sorting signals in transmembrane cargo molecules, coordinating membrane trafficking and cargo selection.

AP1B1 is primarily known for its role in vesicular transport pathways. In the UniProt record, a genetic association with autosomal recessive keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome (KIDAR; MIM 242150) is documented, characterized by skin lesions, vascularizing keratitis, and progressive hearing loss (UniProt: Q10567).

Regarding Alzheimer's disease, AP1B1 was detected in post-mortem AD brain proteomics across multiple subcellular fractions (Chaparral AD proteomics). However, the direction of regulation is ambiguous, with a mean log2 fold-change of 0.10 relative to age-matched controls. This minimal change across fractions suggests no consistent upregulation or downregulation in AD brain tissue.