protein
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2
aka Na(+)/K(+) ATPase alpha-2 subunit
Gene
ATP1A2
Organism
Homo sapiens(9606)
Length
1020 aa
Mass
112,265 Da
ATP1A2 encodes the alpha-2 subunit of the sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase, a catalytic component that hydrolyzes ATP and exchanges sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This ion exchange establishes the electrochemical gradient essential for active nutrient transport and cellular excitability (UniProt: P50993).
The protein is widely expressed and maintains critical functions in neuronal and glial physiology. UniProt documents ATP1A2 associations with several neurological conditions, including familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2), alternating hemiplegia of childhood 1 (AHC1), and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 98 (DEE98), all linked to ATP1A2 mutations that disrupt ion homeostasis and neuronal function.
ATP1A2 is tagged for Alzheimer's Disease relevance in this dataset. Chaparral AD proteomics data indicate upregulation in human post-mortem AD brain tissue compared to age-matched controls, with a mean log2 fold-change of 0.87 across examined subcellular fractions. This elevation may reflect compensatory responses to neuronal dysfunction or altered ion homeostasis characteristic of AD neuropathology.
Generated from the curated entity record below. May contain errors — verify against source links.
Proteomics Evidence · AD
↑ Up in ADP3
not detected
P2
not detected
S2
+0.869
S3
not detected
Mean log₂FC across detected fractions: +0.8695 (1 of 4 fractions detected)
Human post-mortem AD brain vs age-matched controls, TMT-labeled, 4 subcellular fractions (P2, P3, S2, S3), DDA proteomics.
Related Publications
Browse all →Tau molecular diversity contributes to clinical heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease.
Dujardin Simon et al.Nature medicine2020PMID 32572268Deep Multilayer Brain Proteomics Identifies Molecular Networks in Alzheimer's Disease Progression.
Bai Bing et al.Neuron2020PMID 31926610A Multi-network Approach Identifies Protein-Specific Co-expression in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease.
Seyfried Nicholas T et al.Cell systems2017PMID 27989508Large-scale deep multi-layer analysis of Alzheimer's disease brain reveals strong proteomic disease-related changes not observed at the RNA level.
Johnson Erik C B et al.Nature neuroscience2022PMID 35115731Organization and regulation of gene transcription.
Cramer PatrickNature2019PMID 31462772
Function
This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients
Disease associations
Migraine, familial hemiplegic, 2FHM2
A subtype of migraine with aura associated with hemiparesis in some families. Migraine is a disabling symptom complex of periodic headaches, usually temporal and unilateral. Headaches are often accompanied by irritability, nausea, vomiting and photophobia, preceded by constriction of the cranial arteries. Migraine with aura is characterized by recurrent attacks of reversible neurological symptoms (aura) that precede or accompany the headache. Aura may include a combination of sensory disturbances, such as blurred vision, hallucinations, vertigo, numbness and difficulty in concentrating and speaking.
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood 1AHC1
A rare syndrome of episodic hemi- or quadriplegia lasting minutes to days. Most cases are accompanied by dystonic posturing, choreoathetoid movements, nystagmus, other ocular motor abnormalities, autonomic disturbances, and progressive cognitive impairment. It is typically distinguished from familial hemiplegic migraine by infantile onset and high prevalence of associated neurological deficits that become increasingly obvious with age.
Fetal akinesia, respiratory insufficiency, microcephaly, polymicrogyria, and dysmorphic faciesFARIMPD
An autosomal recessive disease characterized by fetal akinesia, and generalized joint contractures and arthrogryposis at birth. Affected newborns have severe respiratory insufficiency and significant dysmorphic facial features. Malformations of cortical development are seen on brain imaging, most commonly polymicrogyria or other gyral anomalies. Death usually occurs in infancy.
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 98DEE98
A form of epileptic encephalopathy, a heterogeneous group of early-onset epilepsies characterized by refractory seizures, neurodevelopmental impairment, and poor prognosis. Development is normal prior to seizure onset, after which cognitive and motor delays become apparent. DEE98 is an autosomal dominant form characterized by onset of seizures in the first decade.
Sources
Last updated 5/8/2026, 6:28:10 AM