Acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A

ANP32A (Acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A) is a multifunctional regulatory protein encoded by 249 amino acids. It functions in tumor suppression, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression, notably promoting caspase-9-dependent apoptosis and facilitating apoptosome formation (UniProt: P39687). The protein also modulates histone acetylation as part of the INHAT complex, inhibiting EP300/CREBBP histone acetyltransferase activity through histone masking, and participates in mRNA nuclear export regulation and protein phosphatase 2A inhibition.

ANP32A localizes to the nucleus and operates in transcriptional regulation and chromatin-associated processes (UniProt: P39687). The protein exhibits broader roles in viral infections, including essential functions in influenza genome replication through assembly of viral replicase dimers. No intrinsic disease associations are annotated in UniProt for neurological conditions.

ANP32A shows reduced protein abundance in Alzheimer's disease brain tissue relative to age-matched controls (Chaparral AD proteomics), with a mean log2 fold-change of −0.40 across post-mortem human AD brain analyzed via TMT-labeled mass spectrometry. This downregulation may reflect alterations in nuclear protein quality or histone-mediated transcriptional processes implicated in neurodegeneration.