protein
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2
aka SERCA2, SR Ca(2+)-ATPase 2
Gene
ATP2A2
Organism
Homo sapiens(9606)
Length
1042 aa
Mass
114,757 Da
## Summary
ATP2A2 encodes sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA2), a magnesium-dependent ATPase that translocates calcium from the cytosol to the ER lumen, coupling ATP hydrolysis to calcium sequestration (UniProt: P16615). The protein also participates in autophagy regulation via interaction with VMP1 and modulates ER contacts with lipid droplets, mitochondria, and endosomes. Additionally, SERCA2 regulates contractile function and coordinates calcium signaling critical for osteoclast differentiation through TMEM64 interaction.
SERCA2 is primarily expressed in muscle and cardiac tissues, where it controls the contraction–relaxation cycle. Germline mutations in ATP2A2 cause Darier disease and acrokeratosis verruciformis, monogenic keratinization disorders, and are implicated in autosomal dominant rhabdomyolysis (UniProt: P16615).
In Alzheimer's disease, SERCA2 shows ambiguous regulation across subcellular fractions in post-mortem AD brain compared to controls, with a mean log2 fold-change of 0.057 (Chaparral AD proteomics). This small, near-neutral change suggests minimal global dysregulation, though protein localization shifts across cellular compartments warrant further investigation given the protein's critical role in ER calcium homeostasis and autophagy—both implicated in neurodegeneration.
Generated from the curated entity record below. May contain errors — verify against source links.
Proteomics Evidence · AD
⚠ Ambiguous — detected in AD samples, direction unclear across fractionsP3
not detected
P2
not detected
S2
+0.597
S3
-0.484
Mean log₂FC across detected fractions: +0.0567 (2 of 4 fractions detected)
Human post-mortem AD brain vs age-matched controls, TMT-labeled, 4 subcellular fractions (P2, P3, S2, S3), DDA proteomics.
Related Publications
Browse all →Tau molecular diversity contributes to clinical heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease.
Dujardin Simon et al.Nature medicine2020PMID 32572268Deep Multilayer Brain Proteomics Identifies Molecular Networks in Alzheimer's Disease Progression.
Bai Bing et al.Neuron2020PMID 31926610A Multi-network Approach Identifies Protein-Specific Co-expression in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease.
Seyfried Nicholas T et al.Cell systems2017PMID 27989508Large-scale deep multi-layer analysis of Alzheimer's disease brain reveals strong proteomic disease-related changes not observed at the RNA level.
Johnson Erik C B et al.Nature neuroscience2022PMID 35115731Organization and regulation of gene transcription.
Cramer PatrickNature2019PMID 31462772
Function
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen (PubMed:12542527, PubMed:16402920). Involved in autophagy in response to starvation. Upon interaction with VMP1 and activation, controls ER-isolation membrane contacts for autophagosome formation (PubMed:28890335). Also modulates ER contacts with lipid droplets, mitochondria and endosomes (PubMed:28890335). In coordination with FLVCR2 mediates heme-stimulated switching from mitochondrial ATP synthesis to thermogenesis (By similarity)
Involved in the regulation of the contraction/relaxation cycle. Acts as a regulator of TNFSF11-mediated Ca(2+) signaling pathways via its interaction with TMEM64 which is critical for the TNFSF11-induced CREB1 activation and mitochondrial ROS generation necessary for proper osteoclast generation. Association between TMEM64 and SERCA2 in the ER leads to cytosolic Ca(2+) spiking for activation of NFATC1 and production of mitochondrial ROS, thereby triggering Ca(2+) signaling cascades that promote osteoclast differentiation and activation
Disease associations
Acrokeratosis verruciformisAKV
A localized disorder of keratinization, which is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Its onset is early in life with multiple flat-topped, flesh-colored papules on the hands and feet, punctate keratoses on the palms and soles, with varying degrees of nail involvement. The histopathology shows a distinctive pattern of epidermal features with hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis and acanthosis together with papillomatosis. These changes are frequently associated with circumscribed elevations of the epidermis that are said to resemble church spires. There are no features of dyskeratosis or acantholysis, the typical findings in lesions of Darier disease.
Darier diseaseDD
A skin disorder characterized by warty papules and plaques in seborrheic areas (central trunk, flexures, scalp and forehead), palmoplantar pits and distinctive nail abnormalities. It is due to loss of adhesion between epidermal cells (acantholysis) and abnormal keratinization. Patients with mild disease may have no more than a few scattered keratotic papules or subtle nail changes, whereas those with severe disease are handicapped by widespread malodorous keratotic plaques. Some patients present with hemorrhage into acantholytic vesicles on the palms and dorsal aspects of the fingers which gives rise to black macules. In a few families affected by Darier disease, neuropsychiatric abnormalities such as mild intellectual disability, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and epilepsy have been reported. Stress, UV exposure, heat, sweat, friction and oral contraception exacerbate disease symptoms. Clinical variants of Darier disease include hypertrophic, vesicobullous, hypopigmented, cornifying, zosteriform or linear, acute and comedonal subtypes. Comedonal Darier disease is characterized by the coexistence of acne-like comedonal lesions with typical Darier hyperkeratotic papules on light-exposed areas. At histopathologic level, comedonal Darier disease differs from classic Darier disease in the prominent follicular involvement and the presence of greatly elongated dermal villi.
Rhabdomyolysis 2RHABDO2
An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by recurrent rhabdomyolysis, triggered predominantly by fever or infection. Rhabdomyolysis is the rapid breakdown of damaged or injured skeletal myofibres and may require intensive care management. Muscle breakdown results in release of myofibrillar content into the extracellular space and circulation, resulting in hyperCKemia (hyperCK) and myoglobinuria.
Sources
Last updated 5/8/2026, 6:27:57 AM
