Nidogen-1

Nidogen-1 (NID1) is a sulfated glycoprotein component of basement membranes that mediates cell-extracellular matrix interactions through binding to laminin, collagen IV, and perlecan (UniProt: P14543). The protein is widely distributed across tissues and plays a structural role in basement membrane organization and stability.

In the context of neurodegeneration, nidogen-1 is relevant to Alzheimer's Disease pathology, particularly in relation to basement membrane integrity and the neurovascular unit. Basement membrane components have been implicated in amyloid-β clearance and neuroinflammatory responses associated with AD progression.

Nidogen-1 is upregulated in post-mortem Alzheimer's Disease brain tissue compared to age-matched controls (Chaparral AD proteomics), with a mean log2 fold-change of 0.73 across analyzed subcellular fractions from TMT-labeled proteomics of P2, P3, S2, and S3 fractions. This elevation may reflect compensatory responses to basement membrane disruption or neuroinflammatory remodeling characteristic of AD brain pathology.