protein
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
Gene
ATP1B1
Organism
Homo sapiens(9606)
Length
303 aa
Mass
35,061 Da
ATP1B1 encodes the non-catalytic beta-1 subunit of the sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase, a key regulator of the active pump that exchanges Na⁺ and K⁺ ions across cell membranes (UniProt: P05026). Beyond ion transport, ATP1B1 participates in cell adhesion, epithelial polarity, and innate immune signaling by enhancing ubiquitination of TRAF3/TRAF6 and phosphorylation of TAK1/TBK1 to promote interferon responses.
ATP1B1 is widely expressed across tissues and plays fundamental roles in neuronal excitability and synaptic function. The protein regulates sodium pump trafficking to the plasma membrane by forming alpha/beta heterodimers, a process essential for neuronal homeostasis.
ATP1B1 has been interrogated in Alzheimer's Disease proteomics. In human post-mortem AD brain compared to age-matched controls across four subcellular fractions (P2, P3, S2, S3), ATP1B1 showed ambiguous direction of change with a mean log2 fold-change of 0.0947 (Chaparral AD proteomics). This modest, inconsistent signal across fractions suggests ATP1B1 may undergo compartment-specific alterations in AD pathology rather than a uniform shift in total abundance.
Generated from the curated entity record below. May contain errors — verify against source links.
Proteomics Evidence · AD
⚠ Ambiguous — detected in AD samples, direction unclear across fractionsP3
-0.309
P2
not detected
S2
+0.499
S3
not detected
Mean log₂FC across detected fractions: +0.0947 (2 of 4 fractions detected)
Human post-mortem AD brain vs age-matched controls, TMT-labeled, 4 subcellular fractions (P2, P3, S2, S3), DDA proteomics.
Related Publications
Browse all →Tau molecular diversity contributes to clinical heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease.
Dujardin Simon et al.Nature medicine2020PMID 32572268Deep Multilayer Brain Proteomics Identifies Molecular Networks in Alzheimer's Disease Progression.
Bai Bing et al.Neuron2020PMID 31926610A Multi-network Approach Identifies Protein-Specific Co-expression in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease.
Seyfried Nicholas T et al.Cell systems2017PMID 27989508Large-scale deep multi-layer analysis of Alzheimer's disease brain reveals strong proteomic disease-related changes not observed at the RNA level.
Johnson Erik C B et al.Nature neuroscience2022PMID 35115731Organization and regulation of gene transcription.
Cramer PatrickNature2019PMID 31462772
Function
This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The beta subunit regulates, through assembly of alpha/beta heterodimers, the number of sodium pumps transported to the plasma membrane (PubMed:19694409). Plays a role in innate immunity by enhancing virus-triggered induction of interferons (IFNs) and interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). Mechanistically, enhances the ubiquitination of TRAF3 and TRAF6 as well as the phosphorylation of TAK1 and TBK1 (PubMed:34011520)
Involved in cell adhesion and establishing epithelial cell polarity
Sources
Last updated 5/8/2026, 6:28:03 AM