Apolipoprotein B-100

Apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB-100) is the major protein constituent of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles. It functions as a recognition signal for cellular binding and internalization of LDL particles via the apoB/E receptor (UniProt: P04114).

ApoB-100 is a central player in lipid metabolism and transport. Mutations in APOB are associated with familial hypobetalipoproteinemia and familial hypercholesterolemia (UniProt: P04114), both of which affect serum cholesterol and lipoprotein levels with implications for cardiovascular and neurological health.

In Alzheimer's Disease, ApoB-100 shows increased abundance in post-mortem AD brain tissue relative to age-matched controls (mean log2 fold-change: 0.78; Chaparral AD proteomics). This upregulation was detected via TMT-labeled tandem mass spectrometry across subcellular fractions from human brain homogenates, suggesting a potential role in AD pathophysiology, possibly related to altered lipid metabolism or amyloid-associated processes.