protein
Apolipoprotein B-100
aka Apo B-100
Gene
APOB
Organism
Homo sapiens(9606)
Length
4563 aa
Mass
515,545 Da
Apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB-100) is the major protein constituent of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles. It functions as a recognition signal for cellular binding and internalization of LDL particles via the apoB/E receptor (UniProt: P04114).
ApoB-100 is a central player in lipid metabolism and transport. Mutations in APOB are associated with familial hypobetalipoproteinemia and familial hypercholesterolemia (UniProt: P04114), both of which affect serum cholesterol and lipoprotein levels with implications for cardiovascular and neurological health.
In Alzheimer's Disease, ApoB-100 shows increased abundance in post-mortem AD brain tissue relative to age-matched controls (mean log2 fold-change: 0.78; Chaparral AD proteomics). This upregulation was detected via TMT-labeled tandem mass spectrometry across subcellular fractions from human brain homogenates, suggesting a potential role in AD pathophysiology, possibly related to altered lipid metabolism or amyloid-associated processes.
Generated from the curated entity record below. May contain errors — verify against source links.
Proteomics Evidence · AD
↑ Up in ADP3
not detected
P2
not detected
S2
+0.778
S3
not detected
Mean log₂FC across detected fractions: +0.7782 (1 of 4 fractions detected)
Human post-mortem AD brain vs age-matched controls, TMT-labeled, 4 subcellular fractions (P2, P3, S2, S3), DDA proteomics.
Related Publications
Browse all →Tau molecular diversity contributes to clinical heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease.
Dujardin Simon et al.Nature medicine2020PMID 32572268Deep Multilayer Brain Proteomics Identifies Molecular Networks in Alzheimer's Disease Progression.
Bai Bing et al.Neuron2020PMID 31926610A Multi-network Approach Identifies Protein-Specific Co-expression in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease.
Seyfried Nicholas T et al.Cell systems2017PMID 27989508Large-scale deep multi-layer analysis of Alzheimer's disease brain reveals strong proteomic disease-related changes not observed at the RNA level.
Johnson Erik C B et al.Nature neuroscience2022PMID 35115731Organization and regulation of gene transcription.
Cramer PatrickNature2019PMID 31462772
Function
Apolipoprotein B is a major protein constituent of chylomicrons (apo B-48), LDL (apo B-100) and VLDL (apo B-100). Apo B-100 functions as a recognition signal for the cellular binding and internalization of LDL particles by the apoB/E receptor
Disease associations
Hypobetalipoproteinemia, familial, 1FHBL1
A disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by less than 5th percentile age- and sex-specific levels of low density lipoproteins, and dietary fat malabsorption. Clinical presentation may vary from no symptoms to severe gastrointestinal and neurological dysfunction similar to abetalipoproteinemia.
Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 2FHCL2
A form of hypercholesterolemia, a disorder of lipoprotein metabolism characterized by elevated serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, which result in excess deposition of cholesterol in tissues and leads to xanthelasma, xanthomas, accelerated atherosclerosis and increased risk of premature coronary heart disease. FHCL2 inheritance is autosomal dominant.
Sources
Last updated 5/8/2026, 6:31:12 AM