26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 10

PSMD10 (26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 10) is a 226-amino acid chaperone protein that assembles the PA700/19S regulatory complex of the 26S proteasome (UniProt: O75832). Beyond its role in proteasome biogenesis, PSMD10 regulates cell signaling by modulating the RHOA/ROCK/PTEN pathway to prolong AKT activation and functions as a proto-oncoprotein through interactions with tumor suppressors RB1 and p53, facilitating their degradation and regulating NF-κB nuclear export (UniProt: O75832).

PSMD10 is broadly expressed and functions at the intersection of proteolytic degradation and signal transduction. UniProt reports no specific disease associations in its curated records, though its proto-oncogenic properties suggest relevance to proliferative diseases.

PSMD10 shows upregulation in Alzheimer's disease brain tissue. Post-mortem AD brain proteomics analysis identified increased PSMD10 abundance compared to age-matched controls (mean log2 fold-change: 0.20, measured across subcellular fractions in a TMT-labeled discovery experiment) (Chaparral AD proteomics). This elevation may reflect altered proteasomal activity or compensatory protein degradation responses in the AD pathological state.