Protein S100-A11

S100A11 is a small calcium-binding protein of 105 amino acids that facilitates the differentiation and cornification of keratinocytes (UniProt: P31949). The protein belongs to the S100 family, which comprises regulatory proteins involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammatory responses across multiple tissue types.

While S100A11 is primarily characterized for its role in skin biology, it has broader expression patterns relevant to neuroinflammation and cellular stress responses. The protein's function in calcium signaling and cell differentiation positions it within pathways that may intersect with neurodegenerative processes, though UniProt records no explicitly curated disease associations for this entry.

S100A11 is elevated in Alzheimer's disease brain tissue relative to age-matched controls (Chaparral AD proteomics). Proteomic analysis of human post-mortem AD brain revealed upregulation of S100A11 with a mean log2 fold-change of 0.60, detected across subcellular fractions using TMT-labeled, data-dependent acquisition mass spectrometry. This upregulation may reflect glial activation or inflammatory responses characteristic of AD pathology.